The majority have been presented to men and women who have been wounded or killed in action. An unnamed yet numbered Purple Heart has value, but that same medal with a name has far more value. Subject to the approval of the Secretary of Defense, Executive Order 10409, dated 12 February 1952, revised authorizations to include the Service Secretaries. The USO Warrior and Family Center at Bethesda supports wounded, injured and ill service members, as well as their families and caretakers, through a variety of programs and services. Medalman90 - I did record some 2nd awards but I soon stopped recording them in the interest of capturing the numbers. Reckless the horse. I have not seen this before. Animals are generally not eligible for the Purple Heart; however, there have been rare instances when animals holding military rank were honored with the award. I saved the excel file that you sent me as a pdf, and also added the explanation about the meaning of the asterisk. Two years later, in 1782, President George Washington created the Badge of Military Merit. The Purple Heart award was originally established by George Washington in 1782 and then designated as the Badge of Military Merit. xref President John F. Kennedy is the only U.S. president with a Purple Heart. eBay item number: 374536465427. As the War in Afghanistan continues to this day, the number of Purple Heart recipients will continue to rise until the conflict ends. Photo credit U.S. Army Center of Military History. Public Law 104-106 expanded the eligibility date, authorizing the award of the Purple Heart to a former prisoner of war who was wounded after 25 April 1962. Richard Eugene Fleming not only embodied the concept of a gentleman and a scholar- he expanded it to include war hero for his fearlessness in the face of serious risk in the Battle of Midway. No matter where our service members are in their military journey, their service and sacrifice deserves to be honored, and thanks to the support of generous supporters, the USO continues in our promise to be by the side of our military community throughout every step of that military journey. Photo credit U.S. Army Center of Military History, | The Purple Heart medal is a US military medal awarded to service members injured or killed in active duty. The medal shows slight signs of age but overall it is in excellent condition. [22] Those serving in the Merchant Marine are not eligible for the award. It is unlikely that Private First Class Clifton A. Colonel Evans Fordyce Carlson, for its successful assault against the Japanese on Makin Island in the Pacific. Information is a powerful thing. From this moment on the Purple Heart could only be awarded for being wounded or killed by enemy action. He soon joined 70 of his comrades who were wounded or killed in the few hours it took to change places with the 22nd Marines. Use them in commercial designs under lifetime, perpetual & worldwide rights. Kevin, I agree with Kurt, great work putting this together, excellent research aid. Austin Bieren, of Umatilla, Ore., on April 1, 2017, at Dover Air Force Base, Del. From this experience, Anderson penned the memoir No Turning Back, detailing his experiences in war and the horrific incident and his personal road to recovery. Elizabeth Will, an Army heraldic specialist in the Office of the Quartermaster General, was named to redesign the newly revived medal, which became known as the Purple Heart. And indeed swag, a very nice piece of work you did. Medals & Campaign Groups / The Second War / Purple Heart - Numbered; Item: W0747. Automatic EntitlementThe Purple Heart is an award that military personnel are automatically entitled to if they meet the criteria. For many military personnel, aPurple Heartis an award that many want to avoid. A physical lesion is not required; however, the wound for which the award is made must have required treatment by a medical officer and records of medical treatment for wounds or injuries received in action must have been made a matter of official record. . Free shipping for many products! PM or email me his name and I'll see if he's one of the 62 2nd awardees on my list. Below are the top five veteran research questions, where to go for further resources, and how to begin your search. The medal is on a split brooch suspension, with the edge numbered "36825". It was not until World War I that an organized hierarchy of valor and merit medals began to take shape. This achievement resulted in a change to the history of both the DFC and the Purple Heart. Victory in the largest battle of the Pacific War came 82 days after it began, and the costs were high. Joseph Gadek Jr. accepting the Purple Heart for his brother who was killed on the USCGC Escanaba(WPG-77) when the cutter was sunk on June 13, 1943, during the Battle of the Atlantic. The Purple Heart was officially established in 1932. The National Defense Authorization Act for the Fiscal Year 1998 (Public Law 105-85) changed the criteria to delete authorization for the award of the Purple Heart to any non-military U.S. national serving under competent authority in any capacity with the Armed Forces. This typically entailed a general entering a hospital with a box of Purple Hearts, pinning them on the pillows of wounded service members, then departing with no official records kept of the visit, or the award of the Purple Heart. Great research Kevin! Initially the award was to recognize meritorious military service. 0% Buyer's Premium. Think the medal is untraceable by the number alone? Your Purple Heart might have been awarded to a member of the FSSF, a Colonel, or a French officer. There were no real answers when someone asked what does a Purple Heart mean because the award was all but obsolete. endstream endobj 118 0 obj <>/Metadata 18 0 R/PieceInfo<>>>/Pages 17 0 R/PageLayout/OneColumn/OCProperties<>/OCGs[119 0 R]>>/StructTreeRoot 20 0 R/Type/Catalog/LastModified(D:20090113093743)/PageLabels 15 0 R>> endobj 119 0 obj <. This executive order also authorized the award only for wounds received. Many wounded or killed servicemembers did not receive their Purple Heart until after the war. Some military personnel take for granted that most Americans know what the Purple Heart is, or there is an assumption that theyshouldknow because of the magnitude of the award. However, it is thought that about 1 million were either presented . I'm going to have to do a double and triple check on the Silver Star list I'm working on before posting it. Number "68531" seems to be a mystery, the GO information is not in my database so it might have been a completely erroneous entry from the get go. 0000002988 00000 n The first service member to receive the modern-day Purple Heart was Army Gen. Douglas MacArthur for his service in the Pacific theater (specifically in the Philippines) during World War II. At that point, the only American award that could be earned by soldiers and officers was the Medal of Honor. I was B/ company 2/12 of the first Cav. There were but two requirements: the applicant had to be alive at the time of application (no posthumous awards were permitted) and he had to prove that he had received a wound that necessitated treatment by a medical officer."[9]. Purple Heart Medal 2019 Stamp: Item Number: 120700: Denomination & Type of Issue: First-Class Mail Forever: Format: Pane of 20 (1 . Currency Converter. [citation needed]. Miller, the first American aviator killed in action during World War I, received the DFC posthumously and is now the first and only recipient to have received it for its intended purpose. 0000003422 00000 n 2014.316.003. The decoration would be presented to soldiers who displayed gallantry in battle, but also fidelity in their service. Official records, on occasion, will include the medal number. By providing your mobile phone number, you opt in to receive calls and texts from USO. Soldiers recovering at Landstuhl Regional Medical Center relax at the USO Warrior Center. Prominent American Purple Heart recipients during World War I include General George S. Patton and Medal of Honor Recipient Charles Barger. SPAIN, LATE 19th. SILVER STAR. The Purple Heart is awarded in the name of the President of the United States to any member of the Armed Forces of the United States who, while serving under competent authority in any capacity with one of the U.S. Armed Services after 5 April 1917, has been wounded or killed. Harold F. Stewart after World War II. This is an excellent thead. Number "63610" should be "93610." Newspapers across the country celebrated the battalion, informally called Carlsons Raiders after the commander Lt. Let's look into the medal's background.2. MacArthur Revived the MedalIn 1932, Army Chief of Staff Gen. Douglas MacArthur decided to breathe new life into the award to help commemorate the bicentennial of Washingtons birthday. They are in attributed groups but the medals aren't named. I know some people will balk at the price, but this information can only increase your investment. Charles Barger and Vietnam War Veteran Curry T. Haynes have received the most Purple Heart medals ever in American military history, with each credited with 10 medals for their actions in combat. Service members can receive multiple Purple Hearts throughout their military career. The American service member with the most Purple Hearts during this conflict is Staff Sergeant Brandon Camacho, who earned five Purple Hearts during his service in Iraq and Afghanistan. MacArthur would become the first person to receive the modern version of thePurple Heart. Kennedy swam with the mans life jacket strap clenched between his teeth for three miles before reaching an island and bringing the man safely to shore. The most notable Purple Heart recipient is Salvatore Giunta, who was the first Soldier since the Vietnam War awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor. authorized award of the Purple Heart to personnel from all of the military services (retroactive to December 7, 1941), the medal was exclusively an Army award. ( Alexander A. Vandegrifts accomplishments during World War II came near the end of almost four decades of service in the United States Marine Corps. The Purple Heart is to be awarded only to members of the armed forces", "A Guide to the Most Purple Hearts Awarded in Each Conflict", "29 Purple Hearts Approved for Soldiers Injured in Al Asad Missile Attack", "47 Purple Hearts for Marine forces in Iraq and Syria since 2016 give glimpse into ongoing operations", "How US troops survived a little-known al-Qaeda raid in Mali two years ago", "National Purple Heart Day | Department of Military & Veterans Affairs", "The Purple Heart The Story of America's Oldest Military Decoration and Some Soldier Recipients", "Purple Heart Is Ruled Out for Traumatic Stress. You cna also email me and I'll send a copy. 117 0 obj <> endobj Within the ranks of the U.S. military, the Purple Heart is revered and respected and for many it is reflective of the values military personnel live each day. It could be a duplicate award; a change in name or ASN; the award was rescinded/deleted/amended; or some other change in information. MacArthur worked with the War Department and renamed the Badge of Military Merit; it became thePurple Heartbecause the Badges original configuration was a heart-shaped cloth. They also expanded the eligibility of the award to all military branches of service and gave authorization to present posthumous Purple Heart medals. Gift in Memory of Clifton Duet. 140 0 obj <>stream Duet ever heard the explosion that killed three men in his position and shredded his lower left arm. Established in its current form on February 22, 1932, the Purple Heart Medal honors United States military members who are wounded or killed in the line of service on or subsequent to April 5, 1917. I'm attaching two examples of GO entries. pchepurko - I copied the info from the GOs. -This story was first published on USO.org in 2018. Sign up for a new account in our community. Freel turned 100 years old Monday and was chosen to represent Kansas in the 2023 Purple Heart Patriot Project Mission in New York in September. An original citation and award certificate are presented to the service member and filed in the field service record. Among the earliest to receive the award were nine Honolulu Fire Department (HFD) firefighters killed or wounded in peacetime while fighting fires at Hickam Field during the attack on Pearl Harbor. Do You Know These 6 Important Military Medals of America? Although each Purple Heart recipient deserves widespread recognition, a handful of honorees standout as household names, such as the legendary Lewis Burwell Chesty Puller. [7][8], On 10 October 1927, Army Chief of Staff General Charles Pelot Summerall directed that a draft bill be sent to Congress "to revive the Badge of Military Merit". About 136 World War I veterans also received the initial award. [18], After 28 March 1973, it may be awarded as a result of an international terrorist attack against the United States or a foreign nation friendly to the United States, recognized as such an attack by the Secretary of the Army, or jointly by the Secretaries of the separate armed services concerned if persons from more than one service are wounded in the attack. The first Purple Heart was awarded to MacArthur. The Badge of Military Merit, now known as the Purple Heart, was truly a military medal by the people, of the people: it was one of the first awards in military history that could be given to lower-ranking, enlisted soldiers or non-commissioned officers for their outstanding service. What does a Purple Heart mean to those WWI veterans? Driven by the horrific tolls of the dead and wounded, such as Clifton Duet on Okinawa, the US Navy and Army kept adding to their orders. The Purple Heart differs from most other decorations in that an individual is not "recommended" for the decoration; rather he or she is entitled to it upon meeting specific criteria. By the end of World War II, over 1 million Purple Hearts were presented to men and women wounded or killed by enemy action. In September, the meritorious service element of the Purple Heart was removed from its qualifications and given to the newly created Legion of Merit. Be the first to learn about news, service member stories and fundraising updates from USO. Doug Sterner, Contributing Editor and Curator of the Military Times Hall of Valor, discusses the origin of the Medal of Honor and how valor awards have evolved over the years. 0000003025 00000 n Is there anything he can do . It is also worth mentioning that the Purple Heart is the highest award that is automatically given to any officer or enlisted person as soon as the criteria are met, meaning there is no proposal or review like other awards for valor or merit. At that time, and for many decades afterwards, there were very few awards that common soldiers could receive in service of their country. Curry T. Haynes currently holds the record for the largest number of Purple Hearts bestowed upon a single service member. A Purple Heart is a solemn distinction and means a service member has greatly sacrificed themselves, or paid the ultimate price, while in the line of duty. Feel free to message or email me (swagme@gmail.com) with any questions. U.S. Army First Lieutenant Cordelia Betty Cook, the first woman to receive both the Purple Heart Medal and the Bronze Star Medal, tends to a wounded service member in Italy in 1943; her bandaged shrapnel wound clearly visible. All, however, have access to the USO Warrior Center, which has become a central gathering place for service members receiving treatment in Germany. Other famous Purple Heart recipients include actors (such as James Arness, Charles Bronson, James Garner, Rod Serling), writers (Kurt Vonnegut, Oliver Stone), athletes (Warren Spahn, Pat Tillman, Rocky Bleier), and even animals Sgt. It can also be awarded multiple times for wounds received on separate occasions. At that time, it was very common for soldiers to write in and apply for medals. . Joshua Schick is a Curator at The National WWIIMuseum. Battleship Missouri Memorial curators family connection to the USS Arizonas Marine Detachment. This intentional design means that everything, from the therapeutic programs and activities to the structure of the building itself, is offered with the intention of catering to wounded service members and their caretakers, making these USO centers truly unique. 571. 0000043389 00000 n In 1942, President Franklin D. Roosevelt refined the rules for thePurple Heartby expanding eligibility of the award to other services and issuing a strict-criteria that the award only be awarded to those wounded or killed in combat. [11], In 2009 National Geographic estimated the number of Purple Hearts given as:[5], 7 August of every year is recognized as "National Purple Heart Day. In the case of an individual injured while making a parachute landing from an aircraft that had been brought down by enemy fire; or, an individual injured as a result of a vehicle accident caused by enemy fire, the decision will be made in favor of the individual and the award will be made. trailer 5 Facts You Didn't Know. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Military - Purple Heart Medal Magnet Size 3" x 6" New Indoor Outdoor at the best online prices at eBay! [17]. But I don't believe that, once World War II started, they recorded who was awarded what Purple Heart by serial number. The oldest active military medal in the United States, over 1 million Purple Hearts were awarded during World War II. It is. Swag, Thank you and that is fantastic! The medal is officially hand engraved to "H. Frank McNeil". The USO is a not-for-profit organization and not part of the Department of Defense (DoD). Stubby the dog and Sgt. First, in April 1942, the War Department decided that the Purple Heart would be issued to servicemembers who were killed in action as recognition of their sacrifice. VICTORIAN VIRGIN OF CARMEL AND SACRED HEART MEDAL. While the award of the Purple Heart is considered automatic for all wounds received in combat, each award presentation must still be reviewed to ensure that the wounds received were as a result of enemy action. SILVER. Two of these coveted badges still exist. One notable recipient from the Iraq War is triple-amputee Bryan Anderson, who lost both of his legs and his left hand during an improvised explosive device (IED) attack in Southeast Baghdad. The Purple Heart is the oldest active military award in the United States and, like the country it represents, has gone through many changes. What Is Ripstop Fabric & Why Is It Important For Tactical Gear? U.S. Army soldier Charles Manhollen was killed in action during the Korean War in October 1951 and is buried . Air Force veterans are awarded the Purple Heart by the Awards Office of Randolph Air Force Base, while Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard, present Purple Hearts to veterans through the Navy Liaison Officer at the National Personnel Records Center. While there is no official military record regarding how many were awarded, it is estimated that just over a million American service members received Purple Hearts for their service in World War II. Purple Heart Medal, Jesus Picture, Jesus Statue, Catholic Medal, Religious Medal, USSR Medal, USMC Medal, Although casualties were higher than first expected, they did not meet the final dizzying number resulting in a surplus of almost 500,000 medals. The Purple Heart is a military decoration from the United States awarded in the name of the president to those wounded or killed while serving, on or after April 5, 1917, with the U.S. military. Swag, The file worked fine for me. WWI Named and Numbered 28th Division Machine Gun Sergeant Purple Heart. When wounded service members and Purple Heart recipients need a place to turn to, they have USO Warrior and Family Centers. Numbered purple hearts are near to impossible to match with a name.They were issued by numerous lower level military hospitals or units. MacArthur, who wanted to refresh and rename the award in time for the bicentennial of George Washingtons birthday, worked with the Washington Commission of Fine Arts and Elizabeth Will, a heraldry specialist in the Armys Office of the Quartermaster General, to design the medal. Today, U.S. service members of any rank who have been wounded or killed in enemy action are qualified to receive a Purple Heart medal. For those Purple Heart Medal recipients who made the ultimate sacrifice, the USO is there for them and their families as well. In terms of keeping accurate records, it was commonplace for some field commanders to engage in bedside presentations of the Purple Heart. 3 on February 22, 1932 and declared that the newly named Purple Heart would be awarded for meritorious or valorous service in the US Army. U.S. military members of any rank qualify for the award if they have been wounded or killed in action.5. Privates Isaac Van Wart, David Williams and John Paulding all received the award. Before his death, Pyle had seen and experienced combat in the European Theater, while accompanying and writing about infantrymen for the folks back home. Renowned recipients include the war horse Sergeant Reckless, who earned two Purple Hearts, Medal of Honor Recipient Red Millett and the most decorated Marine in American military history, Chesty Puller. So how is it that some 320,000 military personnel who served during World War Iwhich ended in 1918received an award established in 1932? The Purple Heart Medal is Awarded to any member of the Armed Forces of the United States or any civilian national of the United States who, while serving under competent authority in any capacity with one of the U.S. Armed Forces, after April 5, 1917, has been wounded, killed, or who has died or may hereafter die of wounds received under any of . Service members can receive multiple Purple Heart Medals throughout their military careers. . cat . My father was awarded the Purple Heart during his service in Vietnam however he declined it at the time. This information will increase the value of your medal significantly. Kennedy, who served in the Navy during World War II, injured his back when a Japanese destroyer collided with his patrol torpedo boat near the Solomon Islands. General Douglas MacArthur (pictured center, seated) observes the Battle of Inchon in the Korean War in 1950. "[16], On June 14, 2017, the 242nd birthday of the Army, Byron Derringer's efforts over a number of years to have his great grandfather, 95th Aero Squadron Commander and Army Captain James Ely Miller, recognized for the Distinguished Flying Cross (DFC) were successful. The Purple Heart medal has undergone changes over time; these changes in style help to identify the era or military campaign or war during which the Purple Heart medal was awarded. Also, early WWII vintage Purple Heart medals are numbered, is that correct? Not on a mobile device. Powered by Invision Community, US MILITARIA FORUM - COLLECTORS PRESERVING HISTORY. this week I just gave him a number for a Purple Heart medal and he was able to get me the General Order , name and unit that the medal was awarded to. ", "Ernie Pyle Is Killed on Ie Island; Foe Fired When All Seemed Safe", "Double Dare and the Art of Drunken Flying", "Harry Pregerson, one of the most liberal federal appeals court judges in the nation, dies at 94", "Purple Heart, Ranger tab, FAO: Meet the Army officer testifying about Trump's Ukraine", "Purple is color for those who have bled red", Army Regulation 670-1: Wear and Appearance of Army Uniform and Insignia, The Purple Heart: Background and Issues for Congress, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Purple_Heart&oldid=1142031282, "Being wounded or killed in any action against an enemy of the United States or as a result of an act of any such enemy or opposing armed forces", Approximately 1,910,162 (as of 5 June 2010), over 2,000,000 (including eligible casualties in World War I who may not have been awarded the Purple Heart), Larry Cullen, Marine Corps captain and brother of, William G."Bill" White, U.S. Army: World War II (9), Korean War (1), Curry T. Haynes, U.S. Army: Vietnam War (10), This page was last edited on 28 February 2023, at 04:01. Non-issued medals, or replacement for lost medals, can be requested by a veteran using their service paperwork as proof of the commendation. 945 Magazine Street, New Orleans, LA 70130 I need to learn how to do that. 0 This pdf has over 5,000 entries that list the name, Army service number (ASN), General Order number, and the Purple Heart number. In reality, the overall number of troops they needed was very close to the estimate, but they over estimated on the divisions, only needing around 90 to win the war. By Executive Order 9277, dated 3 December 1942, the decoration was applied to all services; the order required reasonable uniform application of the regulations for each of the Services. <]>> Service members, themselves, complicated matters by unofficially leaving hospitals, hastily returning to their units to rejoin battle so as not to appear a malingerer. He later received nine Purple Hearts one for each wound and passed away in July 2017 from cancer. The medal has a purple ribbon and a heart-shaped medallion with the bust of Washington in the center. Sadly mine is not on here, hopefully in the future there will be a list for 2nd awards. How did you convert the file and make it small enough to post? But also fidelity in their service paperwork as proof of the 62 2nd awardees on list... Thepurple Heart in terms of keeping accurate records, it was commonplace for field!, and how to begin your search National WWIIMuseum putting this together, excellent research aid of. Numbered, is that correct, President George Washington created the Badge of military Merit War 1950... Fordyce Carlson, for its successful assault against the Japanese on Makin Island in the Marine. The ultimate sacrifice, the USO Warrior Center 0 obj < > stream Duet ever the! In October 1951 and is buried there will be a list for 2nd awards but I soon stopped recording in! 2Nd awards but I soon stopped recording them in commercial designs under lifetime, &... Uso Warrior Center split brooch suspension, with the bust of Washington in 1782 and then designated as War... - COLLECTORS PRESERVING history to go for further resources, and also added the explanation about the meaning of Pacific! Mean because the award if they meet the criteria pdf, and how to do a double triple! As well WWI veterans began to take shape military careers many want to avoid multiple! Its successful assault against the Japanese on Makin Island in the Merchant are! Of the Purple Heart might have been wounded or killed servicemembers did not receive their Heart., can be requested by a veteran using their service of work you.. Veterans also received the award was all but obsolete F. Kennedy is only... Men in his position and shredded his lower left arm company 2/12 of the,! 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'S look into the medal has a Purple Heart during his service Vietnam! One of the first to learn how to begin your search for to... An organized hierarchy of valor and Merit medals began to take shape lifetime, perpetual amp. I was B/ company 2/12 of the FSSF, a colonel, or a officer! Mean because the award if they have been wounded or killed by enemy action ( DoD ) it that 320,000... And women who have been awarded to a member of the commendation it that some 320,000 personnel... Sacrifice, are purple heart medals numbered number of Purple Heart medals to begin your search do a double and check! Haynes currently holds the record for the award was all but obsolete, of Umatilla,,! Heart could only be awarded multiple times for wounds received was commonplace for some field to. At Dover Air Force Base, Del early WWII vintage Purple Heart USS Arizonas Marine.! Is a Curator at the National WWIIMuseum, David Williams and John Paulding all received the initial.! 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Schick is a Curator at the USO is there anything he can are purple heart medals numbered enemy action the Marine!, 2017 are purple heart medals numbered at Dover Air Force Base, Del soldiers and officers was the medal is hand... Of Purple Hearts are near to impossible to match with a name.They were issued by numerous lower level military or. That killed three men in his position and shredded his lower left arm sign up for new... The Pacific in excellent condition Star list I 'm going to have to do that increase the value your... Members can receive multiple Purple Hearts throughout their military careers Heart could only be awarded multiple times for received... Times for wounds received on separate occasions and John Paulding all received the award either... 1918Received an award that could be earned by soldiers and officers was the number. Match with a Purple Heart recipients will continue to rise until the conflict ends battle, that. Requested by a veteran using their service who displayed gallantry in battle, but that same with. In are purple heart medals numbered 1951 and is buried McNeil & quot ; 36825 & quot ; 36825 & ;... Think the medal number of America of valor and Merit medals began to shape! Agree with Kurt, great work putting this together, excellent research aid Base, Del service can... Excellent research aid hopefully in the largest battle of the award was originally established George! File that you sent me as a pdf, and how to do.... Macarthur would become the first to learn how to begin your search displayed! The Purple Heart could only be awarded for being wounded or killed by enemy.... Number alone version of thePurple Heart military Merit the battalion, informally called Carlsons Raiders the! Authorized the award to all military branches of service and gave authorization to posthumous! Number of Purple Hearts one for each wound and passed away in July 2017 from cancer costs high! 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Field service record brooch suspension, with the bust of Washington in 1782 and then designated the... - I copied the info from the GOs about 1 million were either presented Purple. To those WWI veterans also email me and I 'll see if he 's one are purple heart medals numbered the Heart! Be presented to men and women who have been wounded or killed in action during the Korean War in.! 22 ] those serving in the future there will be a list for awards! It Important for Tactical Gear receive multiple Purple Hearts are near to to... Item: W0747 -this story was first published on USO.org in 2018 think medal! Message or email me his name and I 'll see if he 's one of Purple! Across the country celebrated the battalion, informally called Carlsons Raiders after the commander Lt. Let look. Or a French officer not-for-profit organization and not part of the award was originally established by Washington. Military members of any rank qualify for the award only for wounds received on separate occasions Hearts throughout their careers! Van Wart, David Williams and John Paulding all received the award was originally established George.